Effect of Intravenous Magnesium Sulphate on in-Hospital Mortality in Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Early neonatal deaths in Pakistan account for 7% of global mortality rate, with perinatal asphyxia being responsible 23% these cases. Controversy exists the literature regarding role magnesium sulphate administration on reducing in-hospital newborns asphyxia.
 Objectives: To determine effect intravenous neonates Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Department Pediatric Medicine, Nishtar Hospital Multan over a period six months from January 2022 to June 2022. A total 183 consecutive full-term neonates, weighing ≥ 2500 grams, Apgar score < 7 5-minutes after birth, presenting within 48-hours life were included study. Neonates 6-hours birth received (MgSO4) – exposed group and did not get MgSO4 unexposed group. Baseline characteristics survival outcome recorded. Binary logistic regression analysis run Kaplan-Meier curve is constructed assessment mortality.
 Results: There 90 93 Males constituted 53% population. Overall rate 15.8% (n=29). Severe (RR 8.5, 95% CI 4.0 18.0; p 0.001) spontaneous vaginal delivery 1.8, 1.1 2.9; = 0.02) independent predictors mortality. Mortality (7.8% vs. 23.6%, p-value 0.003) significantly higher compared In median time 16 days (95% CI- 8.7 23.3) 11 9.9 12.0) (Log-rank test: χ2 6.03, df -1, 0.01). 
 Conclusion: Magnesium effective lowering due moderate-severe asphyxia. order further validate its impact mortality, multi-center studies are suggested.